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Country: gb Page generated at: Sunday, 5 April 2026 at 14:58:35 British Summer Time
rules
Rules of Golf
From pastime to passion: How our Rules of Golf expert took his knowledge to the next level

published: Jun 27, 2022

|

updated: Feb 1, 2024

From pastime to passion: How our Rules of Golf expert took his knowledge to the next level

Steve CarrollLink

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What started as a passing interest for Steve Carroll has led to him completing the R&A level 3 exam – and it’s even opened an opportunity that, just months ago, was a distant dream. This is his story

From pastime to passion: How our Rules of Golf expert took his knowledge to the next level

Table of Contents

Jump to:

  • Rules of golf: key things to remember when officiating

The clock struck 5am and I realised I’d been staring at the hotel room ceiling for the best part of six hours. Enough was enough.

I got up and switched on the laptop. Practice questions whirred down the screen and I scrambled my memory to come up with some answers.

Good, the brain still worked.

In the previous 56 days, I calculated I’d done something like 150 hours of revision. That’s nearly a whole week doing nothing else but reading a 500-page book – the Official Guide to the Rules of Golf – hammering through thousands of practice questions and trying to conquer mock exams.

So why did I do it?

Firstly, we need to go back. A week before lockdown closed everyone’s doors in the early spring of 2020, I attended The R&A and Scottish Golf’s Level 2 Rules of Golf seminar in St Andrews.

I managed to sneak a distinction in the exam (right on the number as it turned out) but, more pertinently, I realised I had a real passion for the Rules.

What had initially started out as a learning exercise – I was writing about rules decisions on tour for NCG and really felt I should know what I was doing – had evolved into something else entirely. I wanted to put my newly found skills into use as a competition referee.

Then Covid-19 arrived and put those plans on hold. But there was another avenue still to take on the road to rules discovery.

The Level 3 Tournament Administrators and Referees Seminar (TARS) is The R&A’s leading rules gathering and its aim is to give guidance and practical advice on running tournaments and refereeing.

And, yes, there is the chance to sit an exam as well.

I am indebted to The R&A for the opportunity to attend the most recent three-day event at Formby Hall.

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But as I quickly discovered on arrival, the test was only a very small part of the overall seminar experience.

It turns out there is an awful lot that goes into the successful staging of any competition – whether that’s your standard club monthly medal or the world’s oldest major championship in The Open.

While the scale of those two may be miles apart, there are general principles on course marking, on set-up, pace of play, and starting and recording, that apply no matter what the event may be.

There were detailed and revealing presentations on all aspects of the officiating experience, and former European Tour referee Andy McFee also dispensed some of the vital lessons he had learned during nearly four decades following the best players in the game.

Let me give you a couple of the highlights that will stay with me…

Rules of Golf: Key things to remember when officiating

On the basics of refereeing and, particularly, giving rulings: Always get out of the buggy when giving a ruling – we are there to help the player.

On Terms of Competition: Keep the Local Rules simple and avoid traps for players. No more writing reams of explanation from me!

On course marking: Pay attention to detail. Remember the situation Thomas Pieters faced at the WGC-Match Play, where a sprinkler head was touching the red line of a penalty area?

And on starting and recording: Avoid errors by issuing clear instructions and ensuring consistency.

It’s information that is invaluable at our clubs, where we rely on volunteers at every stage – whether that’s passing on information to competitors on the 1st tee or bringing together a uniform way of returning scorecards.

One of the most illuminating parts of the Level 3 TARS was the role play session on the final afternoon. The R&A Rules team acted out the part of a player as they posed delegates a series of scenarios ranging from immovable obstructions to a fiendish problem involving a ball resting close to a divot that had been partially replaced – a situation that has happened in a top tournament.

rules of golf

I was more nervous giving a ruling here than I have been when doing it for real! But to get constructive feedback, both on the decision given and the way it was presented, has already been hugely beneficial to me out in the real rules world.

Let’s move onto the exam, as I’m sure those of you that have come this far are dying to know what happened.

It was in five sections. The first contained 20 questions that made a statement – “A player’s ball is embedded in the general area” for example – and asked you to find the right rule number and subsection (it’s 16.3 for anyone wondering).

The second comprised 30 true or false questions, while the third was multiple choice. There were 10 of these.

The first three parts of the exam were completed without access to any reference materials. No Rule book. No Official Guide.

We could use those, though, in the fourth and fifth sections. The first of those gave us 10 scenarios and asked us not only to identify the correct answer from three choices but also correctly state the relevant Rule or Interpretation.

The final section, which was made up of 20 questions, tested our knowledge of the Committee Procedures contained in the Official Guide.

What did I get? Well, I need not have endured a sleepless night. I managed a mark of 96% and gained a certificate for Pass with Distinction. The result was beyond anything for which I had hoped and I’m now praying it might open some doors for me in terms of refereeing opportunities.

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I’ve already had the chance to be part of the officiating team at Regional Qualifying for The Open, at Alwoodley, and I’d be lying if I said I didn’t have ambitions to be part of more championship teams in the future.

Who knows whether that will come to pass. What I do know is the knowledge I have gained at Level 3 TARS has given me an incredible opportunity.

So if I’m ever the one charged with giving you a ruling, you can be assured I’ve had the best possible grounding and that you’re in good hands!

See you on the course…

Now have your say

Have you learned the Rules of Golf? How far have you taken your knowledge? Why now let me know with a comment on X.

  • Visit the R&A Rules of Golf Academy website for more information

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About the author

Steve Carroll
Steve Carroll

A journalist for more than 25 years, Steve has been immersed in club golf for almost as long.

A former club captain, he has passed the Level 3 Rules of Golf exam with distinction having attended the R&A’s prestigious Tournament Administrators and Referees Seminar.

Steve has officiated at a host of high-profile tournaments, including Open Regional Qualifying, PGA Fourball Championship, English Men’s Senior Amateur, and the North of England Amateur Championship. In 2023, he made his international debut as part of the team that refereed England vs Switzerland U16 girls.

A part of NCG’s Top 100s panel, Steve has a particular love of links golf and is frantically trying to restore his single-figure handicap. He’d like to tell you he floats around 10. The reality is more like 13.

Steve plays at Sandburn Hall, in York, and is a country member at Close House in Newcastle. He has served on various club committees during his time in the game, and is the current Rules Secretary at Sandburn.

Having studied history at Newcastle University, he became a journalist having passed his NCTJ exams at Darlington College of Technology. He began his career working on weekly papers in Newcastle, before joining the York Press in 2001. After five years as a news reporter, he joined the sports desk – specialising in horse racing and snooker – and was Digital Sports Editor when he joined National Club Golfer in 2016.

What’s in Steve’s bag: TaylorMade Stealth 2 driver, 3-wood, and hybrids; Caley 01T irons 4-PW; TaylorMade Hi-Toe wedges, Odyssey 2Ball Microhinge putter.

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