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Country: gb Page generated at: Wednesday, 29 April 2026 at 7:48:57 British Summer Time
rules
Rules of Golf
What are your options in a bunker when there are no rakes?

published: Feb 18, 2021

|

updated: Aug 2, 2024

What are your options in a bunker when there are no rakes?

Steve CarrollLink

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The rules for what you can and can’t do in a bunker have caused much confusion in the Covid pandemic. Our Rules of Golf expert takes up the mantle

plugged ball in bunker

Table of Contents

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  • Covid bunkers: what if there is no rake?

Hands up those who’ll be watching Boris on Monday, praying he drops any little nugget about the return of golf in England? I’ll certainly be hoping. There’s only so many times you can re-read the rule book in lockdown.

We’ve all had a lot of time on our hands and, for some of us, this period of shutdown has proved an opportunity to contemplate some of golf’s rules questions.

Like Alan Hooper, who got in touch on email to ask: “What is the ruling in bunkers without rakes during the pandemic?

“Does your ball have to be in a footprint, or a hole, before you can place it? If your ball is on a flat bit of sand, can you still pick and place?”

Covid bunkers: What if there is no rake?

Vaccinations or not, we probably won’t have a bunker rake in our hands on a golf course any time soon.

While the R&A have not modified the Rules of Golf, last June they updated comprehensive guidance to help committees run competitions.

If rakes are removed, or if clubs have asked they not be used, clearly the bunkers may not be as well maintained as they might when they are on the course.

We were asked to go old school, using a foot or a club to smooth them as best as possible – even though that might mean someone getting a lie that was less than ideal.

“Coping with imperfect lies, whether in a bunker or elsewhere, is a normal part of the game,” the governing body said.

If that’s what your committee opted for, then tough luck if you’re in a footprint. You have to play it as it lies.

But clubs were also given two other options if, even with best efforts to smooth, the condition of the bunkers were likely to be “so abnormal that it will be clearly unreasonable for players to play the ball as it lies”.

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The first was to make bunkers part of the general area and declare all of them to be ground under repair.

The second, and what a lot of clubs did, was to introduce preferred lies. This allowed players to place a ball in the bunker within one club length, or six inches if you were following CONGU rules for competitions, no nearer the hole.

You couldn’t lift the ball, smooth the bunker, and then replace it.

Clubs used Model Local Rule E-3 to get this done and, if you check it out on the R&A’s website, you might recognise it in its usual guise: winter rules.

In the clubs I’ve seen using this, few have put many restrictions on how you can take relief – outside of those already specified by the R&A, CONGU, and the limit on the size of the area.

Here’s an example of the Local Rule in place at Taunton, in Somerset…

“When a player’s ball lies in a bunker the player may take free relief once by placing the original ball or another ball within 6 inches of the original ball, but still within the bunker and not nearer the hole. Penalty for Playing Ball from a Wrong Place in Breach of Local Rule: General Penalty Under Rule 14.7a.”

But as with any local rules specific to a club, it’s always best to check on the noticeboard, or website, to see if they’re doing anything different.

About the author

Steve Carroll
Steve Carroll

A journalist for more than 25 years, Steve has been immersed in club golf for almost as long.

A former club captain, he has passed the Level 3 Rules of Golf exam with distinction having attended the R&A’s prestigious Tournament Administrators and Referees Seminar.

Steve has officiated at a host of high-profile tournaments, including Open Regional Qualifying, PGA Fourball Championship, English Men’s Senior Amateur, and the North of England Amateur Championship. In 2023, he made his international debut as part of the team that refereed England vs Switzerland U16 girls.

A part of NCG’s Top 100s panel, Steve has a particular love of links golf and is frantically trying to restore his single-figure handicap. He’d like to tell you he floats around 10. The reality is more like 13.

Steve plays at Sandburn Hall, in York, and is a country member at Close House in Newcastle. He has served on various club committees during his time in the game, and is the current Rules Secretary at Sandburn.

Having studied history at Newcastle University, he became a journalist having passed his NCTJ exams at Darlington College of Technology. He began his career working on weekly papers in Newcastle, before joining the York Press in 2001. After five years as a news reporter, he joined the sports desk – specialising in horse racing and snooker – and was Digital Sports Editor when he joined National Club Golfer in 2016.

What’s in Steve’s bag: TaylorMade Stealth 2 driver, 3-wood, and hybrids; Caley 01T irons 4-PW; TaylorMade Hi-Toe wedges, Odyssey 2Ball Microhinge putter.

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